Term | Definition |
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acute stress disorder (ASD) | a disabling psychological condition that can occur immediately after exposure to a traumatic stressor. |
adjustment disorder | in DSM–IV–TR, impairment in social or occupational functioning and unexpected severe emotional or behavioral symptoms occurring within 3 months after an individual experiences a specific identifiable stressful event, such as a divorce, business crisis, or family discord.
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agoraphobia | an excessive, irrational fear of being in open or unfamiliar places, resulting in the avoidance of public situations from which escape may be difficult, such as standing in line or being in a crowd.
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Alzheimer’s disease | a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by cortical atrophy, neuronal death, synapse loss, and accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, causing dementiaand a significant decline in functioning. |
anorexia nervosa | an eating disorder, occurring most frequently in adolescent girls, that involves persistent refusal of food, excessive fear of weight gain, refusal to maintain minimally normal body weight, disturbed perception of body image, and amenorrhea (absence of at least three menstrual periods). |
antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) | the presence of a chronic and pervasive disposition to disregard and violate the rights of others.
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anxiety disorder | any of a group of disorders that have as their central organizing theme the emotional state of fear, worry, or excessive apprehension.
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attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) | a behavioral syndrome characterized by the persistent presence of six or more symptoms involving (a) inattention (e.g., failure to complete tasks or listen carefully, difficulty in concentrating, distractibility) or (b) impulsivity or hyperactivity (e.g., blurting out answers; impatience; restlessness; fidgeting; difficulty in organizing work, taking turns, or staying seated; excessive talking; running about; climbing on things). |
autism spectrum disorder (ASD) | any one of a group of disorders with an onset typically occurring during the preschool years and characterized by varying but often marked difficulties in communication and social interaction. |
avoidant personality disorder | a personality disorder characterized by (a) hypersensitivity to rejection and criticism, (b) a desire for uncritical acceptance, (c) social withdrawal in spite of a desire for affection and acceptance, and (d) low self-esteem. |