in DSM–IV–TR, an uninterrupted illness featuring at some time a major depressive episode, manic episode, or mixed episodeconcurrently with characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia (e.g., delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, catatonic behavior) and, in the same period, delusions or hallucinations for at least 2 weeks in the absence of prominent mood symptoms. 

a personality disorder characterized by long-term emotional coldness, absence of tender feelings for others, lack of desire for and enjoyment of close relationships, and indifference to praise or criticism and to the feelings of others.

n. a psychotic disorder characterized by disturbances in thinking (cognition), emotional responsiveness, and behavior, with an age of onset typically between the late teens and mid-30s. 

in DSM–IV–TR and DSM–5, a disorder whose essential features are identical to those of schizophrenia except that the total duration is between 1 and 6 months (i.e., intermediate between brief psychotic disorder and schizophrenia) and social or occupational functioning need not be impaired.

a personality disorder characterized by various oddities of thought, perception, speech, and behavior that are not severe enough to warrant a diagnosis of schizophrenia. 

n. a discrete episode of uncontrolled, excessive electrical discharge of neurons in the brain. The resulting clinical symptoms vary based on the type and location of the seizure. See epilepsy.

n. a discrete episode of uncontrolled, excessive electrical discharge of neurons in the brain. The resulting clinical symptoms vary based on the type and location of the seizure. See epilepsy.

in DSM–IV–TR and DSM–5, a rare disorder, most commonly but not exclusively found in young children, characterized by a persistent failure to speak in certain social situations (e.g., at school) despite the ability to speak and to understand spoken language.

in DSM–IV–TR, an anxiety disorder occurring in childhood or adolescence that is characterized by developmentally inappropriate, persistent, and excessive anxiety about separation from the home or from major attachment figures.

in DSM–5, a developmental disorder characterized by a child’s difficulties in the social use of language, including impaired ability to use appropriate language in varying situations, to follow conversational rules such as turn taking, and to understand implied or ambiguous meanings, as in metaphors and humor. 

an anxiety disorder that is characterized by extreme and persistent social anxiety or performance anxiety and that causes significant distress or prevents participation in social activities.

in DSM–5, a disorder characterized by one or more significant bodily symptoms (e.g., pain) that cause distress or impair daily function and by excessive, maladaptive thoughts (preoccupation) or excessive worry about the symptoms, with or without the presence of a medical condition to account for the symptoms. 

see learning disorder. See also disorder of written expression; mathematics disorder; reading disorder.

an anxiety disorder, formerly called simple phobia, characterized by a marked and persistent fear of a specific object, activity, or situation (e.g., dogs, blood, flying, heights).

any disorder that affects verbal or written communication.